Friday, August 1, 2025

Reposting: AI Runs On Concrete, Copper, Natural Gas, And Cooling -- August 1, 2025

Locator: 48751CLAUDE.
Locator: 48751AI.
Locator: 48748AI.

AI runs on:

  • concrete: railroads --> time for a transcontinental railroad company
  • copper: railroads --> time for a transcontinental railroad company
  • natural gas: pipelines --> utilities --> electricity --> the grid 
    • Texas electricity demand will grow 5x the national average, link here.
  • cooling: Trane, Chart Industries (soon to be Baker Hughes subsidiary)

Cooling: what companies provide industrial cooling for large data centers, like Stargate?

  • Vertiv
    • estimated to hold ~ 25% market share in high-density cooling partnerships with giants like AWS and MSFT
  • Schneider Electric
    • EcoStruxure
    • known for integrated rack designs with immersive liquid cooling support
  • Stulz
    • specializes in hybrid air-liquid cooling, such as the CyberCool 2 series
    • targets mid-density AI deployments (20 - 40 kW / rack) with strong retrofit flexibility in legacy centers
    • capable of achieving PUEs as low 1.1 - 1.2 in cooler climates
  • Delta Electronics
    • focused on indirect liquid cooling (ILC) for GPU-dense racks, with ORV3-compliant systems
    • claims: ~ 40% share of China's liquid cooling market for AI data centers
  • specialized AI cooling vendors
    • Boyd Corporation
    • Flex / JetCool
  • immersion and emerging cooling innovators
    • Liquid Stack
    • Submer
    • Asperitas
    • Iceotope
    • USystems
    • Asetek
  • AI-powered cooling and automation
    • Vigilent (via Siemens)
    • Huawei's iCooling @AI
    • Araner (Italian)

Electricity: Texas and mid-Atlantic.

Link here.

Copper: how much copper will the average Stargate large data center require? ChatGPT:

Even a single Stargate AI data center requires several thousand tonnes of copper—making it one of the most copper-intensive industrial infrastructures on the planet. When fully scaled, the Stargate initiative could represent a sizeable fraction of global copper consumption.

Also from ChatGPT: 

A 100-car freight train loaded with refined copper can carry ~ 9,000 metric tons of copper. That's roughly enough to supply 1 - 2 hyperscale data centers, or ~ 15% of the copper needed for a full 1.2 GW Stargate site.

MAGA: