Locator: 48466SOUTHERNBORDER.
The Roosevelt Reservation is the 60-foot-wide strip of land owned by the United States Federal Government along the United States side of the United States–Mexico Border in California, Arizona, and New Mexico. Federal and tribal lands make up 632 miles, or approximately 33 percent, of the nearly 2,000 milesof border. Private and state-owned lands constitute the remaining 67 percent of the border, most of which is located in the fourth state on the border with Mexico, Texas.
In 1907, Theodore Roosevelt in a Presidential Proclamation established the reservation in order to keep all public lands along the border in California, Arizona, and New Mexico "free from obstruction as a protection against the smuggling of goods between the United States and Mexico." Texas was excluded because Texas retained all public lands upon the Texas annexation and admittance as a state, much of which has been sold over the years to private parties.
Construction of the Mexico–United States border wall along the border in the states of California, Arizona, and New Mexico was expedited since the reservation reduced the need to acquire additional private property.
In April 2025, President Donald Trump released a memorandum directing the U.S. military to take control of public land on the Roosevelt Reservation to enhance security and build a border wall, citing various threats to the nation.News:
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