The Bakken:
- 55 rigs
- 1 million bopd
- "all" horizontals; and all greater than 15,000 feet total depth (most between 19,000 and 21,000)
- 400 rigs
- 2 million bopd
- 90% horizontal; only 20% greater than 15,000 feet total depth
Did BTUAnalytics over-think this?
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The US: the Southern Wall
China: the Southern Gate
The US: the Southern Wall
China: the Southern Gate
Deng Xiaoping And The Transformation of China
Ezra Vogel
c. 2011
951.05 VOG
Chapter 14: Experiments in Guangdong and Fujian, 1979 - 1984
- Guangdong: mainland, opposite Hong Kong, Macau
- Fujian: mainland, opposite Taiwan
- 1977: Deng Xiaoping, visited Guangdong; there for military conference; briefed on the problem of young men trying to escape across the border from China into Hong Kong
- Deng immediately saw the problem; saw the solution
- the problem arose from the disparity of living standards on either side of the border
- 20-mile fence with thousands of troops: to no avail
- socialism/communism on the Chinese side of the border not working
- foreign investment not yet allowed
- 1978: Xi Zhongxun appointed provincial party secretary
- of the "old school"
- the problem was "class struggle" -- he said, sticking to Marxist theory
- he was schooled by a "brave local party secretary"; Xi Zhongxun fired him on the spot; the secretary said, "too late, I already quit"
- Xi Zhongxun continued to listen
- the next day he undertook a self-criticism at his own initiative and apologized to the local official, asked the latter to stay and pledged to enrich the economy
- over the years, things turned around
- Xi Zhongxun was originally from Shaanxi province (see map below); he retired in 1989; chose to retire in Guangdong
- his son, XI Jinping, born in 1953, was selected in 2011 to be come the president of China beginning in 2011 to become the president of China beginning in 2012
- China's Southern Gate: once Deng allowed Guangdong to open its doors, Hong Kong became a source of investment capital, entrepreneurial dynamism, and knowledge about the outside world
- Hong Kong was full of entrepreneurs, including tens of thousands who had fled there after 1948 when the Chinese Communist armies began taking over the mainland
- special economic zones (SEZs) established in 1980; "regulated primarily by the market"
- during Deng's era, mainland officials in Guangdong and Fujian, especially in the SEZs, learned valuable lessons from the cosmopolitan Hong Kongers -- from their increasingly open television shows, newspapers, personal contacts, and from the factories, hotels, restaurants, and stores that they built in Guangdong
- by the end of the Deng era in 1992 many mainlanders in southern Guangdong were indistinguishable from the residents who had come from Hong Kong
- within three decades after Guangdong and Fujian were granted special status, Chinese exports had multiplied over one hundred times, from less than US$10 billion per year in 1978 to more than US$1 trillion, with more than one-third from Quangdong
- in 1978 there were virtually no factories in Guangdon with modern assembly lines; within three decades, a visitor to southern Guangdong would see skyscrapers, large industrial sites, apartment buildings, world-class hotels, superhighways, and traffic jams
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